Action needed on public transport in Europe
Transport poverty in Europe
© Öko-Institut
Many people in Europe are unable to use public transport, or can only do so to a limited extent. This is shown by a new study by Oeko-Institut commissioned by Greenpeace Central and Eastern Europe. In around 90 percent of the European countries surveyed, more than half the population does not use public transport regularly. In the countries surveyed, up to 19 percent of the population is effectively dependent on a passenger car because there are no viable alternatives.
Within the countries studied, up to 56 percent of people state that they do not use buses, trains or other forms of public transport because they are not available in their local area. People on low incomes, older people and women are among those particularly affected by transport poverty.
The causes of transport poverty are manifold
Transport poverty is broadly defined as a situation in which an individual (or household) cannot attain socially necessitated levels of mobility. This includes access to jobs, education, healthcare, shopping facilities, social contacts and other essential services.
The study examines transport poverty using eleven indicators, which are available for up to 33 European countries, including all EU Member States. It focuses on four dimensions: the availability of transport services, the accessibility of key services, the affordability of transport, and the suitability and usability of transport options.
In addition to a lack of availability, costs also play a role. In some European countries, up to six percent of the population do not use public transport because it is too expensive. Up to 15 percent do use it, but perceive the costs as a significant financial burden.
Making public transport more attractive and accessible
The study identifies several areas of focus for reducing transport poverty. These include better regional connections, more frequent services, demand-responsive timetables, accessible infrastructure, and improved safety at stops and on vehicles, for example through lighting, emergency call systems or clear reporting procedures in the event of incidents.
Targeted financial relief can also help to make transport more accessible. The study cites social tickets, affordable season ticket options and free services as possible measures, particularly for vulnerable groups.
Study 'Access Denied: Transport Poverty in Europe'
This study was carried out by Oeko-Institut e. V.
