Publications

An analysis of the new sector in the EU ETS 1

The extension of the EU ETS 1 to maritime transport: market and policy mix analysis

The aim of this report is to analyse the (economic) impacts of the extension of the EU ETS 1 to maritime transport on the sector and the interlinkages with other policies considering the overall climate impacts.

Factsheet

Potential of blue carbon for global climate mitigation

Coastal ecosystems function as natural carbon sinks, thereby playing a vital role in the global carbon cycle. Blue Carbon ecosystems have been found to be effective carbon storage mechanisms, whilst also providing a habitat for biodiversity and enhancing coastal resilience. This factsheet provide

Policy Brief

Does the CRCF methodology for permanent removals align with the PACM?

This policy brief assesses the extent to which the methodology proposed by the European Com-mission under the Carbon Removal and Carbon Farming Regulation (CRCF) for Direct Air Cap-ture with Carbon Storage (DACCS), Biogenic Emissions Capture with Carbon storage (BioCCS) and Biochar Carbon Removal (B

From policy to action

Follow-up | Overview of Renewable Energy Spatial Planning and Designation of Acceleration Areas in Selected EU Member States

This study presents an updated overview of the efforts made by 10 selected European Member States (MSs) to implement the amended Renewable Energy Directive (RED III) concerning mapping for renewables. Specifically, it examines Art. 15b, which mandates MSs to conduct a coordinated spatial mapping for

Working Paper 6/2025

Considerations on the further development of the EU car label

With the goal to minimize the energy demand from electric cars and vans, this paper analyses how the car label could be redesigned to raise consumer awareness on BEV efficiency and, thereby, potentially increase the demand for vehicles with a lower energy consumption. Several possible base metrics f

Inputs to the draft ART TREES 3.0 standard

This document includes all comments that Oeko-Institut provided to the Architecture for REDD+ Transactions (ART) in a public consultation on the draft Version 3.0 of its “The REDD+ Environmental Excellence Standard (TREES)”.

Third interdisciplinary research symposium on the safety of nuclear disposal practices, Berlin, Germany, 17–19 Sep 2025, safeND2025 71

Regional development in the context of major infrastructure projects: implementation, regional application and conditions for success

This contribution focuses on conceptual considerations regarding the delineation of a region, the identification of its endogenous potentials and possible methods and institutions for regional development. Regions are ‘historically evolved units, culturally and economically intertwined geographica

Regional development in the context of major infrastructure projects: implementation, regional application and conditions for success

Presentation by Franziska Sperfeld and Ryan Kelly, safeND-Conference 2025, Berlin 19.09.2025

Joint Project TRAVARIS: Transfer of long-lived radionuclides from the vadose zone to the rhizosphere and their uptake by plants, taking microbiological processes into account

Long-Term Impact on Humans from a Repository for Radioactive Waste: Experimentally Verified Radioecological Biosphere Model

Presentation by Dr Veronika Ustohalova & Dr Anna Kopp, safeND 2025, 17–19 September 2025, Berlin.

Analysis of selected sectors and countries

Effectiveness of EU Emissions Trading: What drives emission developments?

European emissions trading (EU ETS) is a central component of German and European climate policy. This final report summarises the results of a research project that investigated the causes of emissions trends in the most relevant sectors in terms of emissions (combustion, iron and steel industry, c

Identifying drivers of emissions trends in the EU ETS Annex to the final report of project no. FKZ 3719 42 505 0

Annex B: Decomposition of CO2 emissions from iron and steelmaking in the EU

Final Report

Shall the CBAM be expanded further downstream? Insights from assessing products along the automotive value chain

The EU's carbon border adjustment mechanism (⁠CBAM⁠) replaces the free allocation in the EU ETS 1 as the main carbon leakage instrument. The study discusses the potential expansion of the CBAM to downstream products. Using the example of products from the automotive value chain (wheels, brakes,

Stiftung Zukunftserbe

Water responsibility as corporate due diligence?

Study by Oeko-Institut: How companies can strengthen global water protection through due diligence and the Supply Chain Act.

People Behind the Policy: Social Impacts of EU ETS2 in Bulgaria, Czechia, and Poland

The three MS examined in this study – Bulgaria, Czechia, and Poland – have been particularly vocal in raising concerns about the potential negative effects of the ETS2, at various points advocating for delays in its implementation or stronger price stabilization mechanisms. The aim of this study

A study of supporting measures promoting decarbonisation in the sectors covered by ETS2

The aim of the report is to illustrate how Member States can use resources effectively and deliver targeted decarbonisation before the ETS2 enters into force, covering CO2 emissions from fossil fuel use in the building, road transport and small industry sectors. Lower CO2 emissions in these sectors

An overview of methods, assumptions, results and conclusions

The DIFENs project

The main objective of the project is to develop strategies for sustainable forest management and timber use, taking into account expected forest development corridors.

Examination of existing and expected EU legislation in preparation for the piloting of Article 6 between Sweden and Switzerland

Implementing Article 6 in the EU

This report examines the opportunities and limitations for EU Member States to engage in Internationally Transferred Mitigation Outcomes (ITMO) cooperation, in the context of relevant existing and expected EU legislation. Specific attention is paid to removals from BioCCS.

Study for Bundesnetzagentur

Research project ‘Comparability of sustainability standards for electronic telecommunications infrastructure’

Reliable data is needed to make an informed assessment of the ecological footprint of telecommunications networks. The EU Commission plans to introduce a code of conduct on the sustainability of telecommunications networks at the end of 2025. This is based on a JRC study (2024) that identifies eight

Policy Brief

Towards a controlled and holistic management of waste tyres in Ghana

The report explores options such as upcycling tyres into furniture and playground equipment, recycling them into new materials, and using tyre-derived fuels in cement production. It also examines the rise of tyre pyrolysis plants, warning that without clear standards these can cause harmful emission

2nd report of the research project "ELV LIVE - Accompanying research on the use of battery-electric heavy duty vehicles in day-to-day logistics operations" FKZ 16EM6003-1

Real-world data analysis of energy consumption, activity and charging patterns of battery electric trucks operating in Germany

This study provides one of the first in-depth analyses of real-world operational and energy consumption data from battery electric trucks (BET) in Germany. As part of the ELV-LIVE research project, data were collected from 19 Daimler eActros 300 and 400 trucks between 2023 and early 2025. These vehi