Cristina Urrutia

Climate Action and Transparency under the Paris Agreement

This guidance note provides an overview of what countries need to do under the Paris Agreement in terms of preparing and regularly updating their climate targets (Nationally Determined Contributions, or NDCs), tracking progress in implementing and achieving them (transparency), and the role of Long

Issues at stake in view of the COP28 UN Climate Change Conference in Dubai and beyond

International Climate Negotiations

This study provides an overview of the status of international climate negotiations and issues at stake at the COP28 climate change conference, which will take place in Dubai (United Arab Emirates) from 30 November to 12 December 2023. It also addresses the current implementation of the Paris Agreem

NDC Progress Indicators: a guidance for practitioners

This paper aims to provide assistance to countries in their selection of National Determined Contribution (NDC)-related indicators for their first Biennial Transparency Reports (BTRs). It presents a range of potential indicators, specifically tailored to commonly employed NDC targets encompassing bo

Potentials for “results-based payments” in the forest sector under the Paris Agreement

The forest sector contributes to high emissions worldwide through the loss of historically built-up carbon stocks, mainly from deforestation and forest degradation. The REDD+ approach aims at compensating developing countries for efforts to reduce emissions from deforestation and forest degradation,

Analysis of mitigation options, related barriers and recommendations for action

Barriers to mitigating emissions from agriculture

On the basis of a literature review, this paper outlines the main mitigation options for agricultural activities and the broader food system on the supply and the demand side. Economic, policy/legal barriers, technical barriers, socio-cultural barriers, institutional barriers as well as biophysical

Land use as a sector for market mechanisms under Article 6 of the Paris Agreement

The land-use sector plays a critical role for achieving the goals of the Paris Agreement. This report discusses key environmental integrity challenges for using carbon market mechanisms to implement mitigation activities in the land-use sector. The report evaluates how existing carbon market mechani