Raphael Nöske

Integrity, transparency, accountability and inclusivity in the focus

COP30 negotiations on carbon markets

Blog 12/15/2025

After the finalization of the rulebook on Article 6 of the Paris Agreement at COP29 in Baku, international negotiations have shifted from the development of rules towards providing further guidance on implementation. Integrity, transparency, accountability and inclusivity were key areas addressed in decisions on Article 6.4 and Article 6.2. A further milestone was the closure of the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) which will cease its operations in a staged approach over the next two years.

Guzman Renovable: How a tiny village is powering Spain’s local energy transition

Blog 12/01/2025

One of Spain's first rural energy communities has been established on the Burgos plateau. Dr Sibylle Braungardt describes how the community achieved this in this blog post.